This Radar Range converter helps engineers and enthusiasts estimate the maximum detection distance of a radar system based on power, frequency, antenna gain, target cross-section, and minimum detectable signal. It simplifies complex calculations into an interactive tool. Radar Range Formula R = [(Pt × σ × c² × G²) / ((4π)³ × f0² × Pmin)]^(1/4) … Read more
This converter is designed to help engineers and PCB designers determine the exact width of a microstrip trace needed to achieve a desired characteristic impedance on a PCB. Uses of Microstrip Width converter 1. Designing controlled impedance PCB traces. 2. Optimizing high-frequency circuit layouts. 3. Calculating width for RF and microwave signal traces. Conversion Formula … Read more
This converter calculates the characteristic impedance and propagation delay of a microstrip line based on its width, thickness, substrate height, and dielectric constant. It is designed for engineers and RF designers who need accurate values for PCB trace design. Uses of this converter 1. Designing PCB traces for controlled impedance. 2. Determining the propagation delay … Read more
This converter helps you determine the correct total length and individual element lengths for a dipole antenna based on the operating frequency. It is essential for designing efficient antennas that operate at desired frequencies. Conversion Formula Total length (feet) = 468 / fMHz Each element (feet) = (468 / fMHz) / 2 Formula Explanation The … Read more
This VSWR to Reflection Coefficient converter helps engineers and RF enthusiasts quickly determine the reflection coefficient (Γ) from a given VSWR value. Understanding the reflection coefficient is crucial in assessing how much power is reflected back from a load or antenna. Conversion Formula Γ = (VSWR – 1) / (VSWR + 1) Understanding the Formula … Read more
This converter helps users determine the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) from a known reflection coefficient, which is essential in RF transmission line and antenna design. Conversion Formula Used in the converter VSWR = (1 + |Γ|) / (1 – |Γ|) Explanation of the Formula The reflection coefficient, represented by Γ, indicates the ratio of … Read more
This converter is designed to instantly transform power values expressed in dBW into dBm, which is widely used in RF systems and communications for representing absolute power in a logarithmic scale. Conversion Formula for the converter dBm = dBW + 30 How the Formula Works The formula adds 30 to the dBW value to convert … Read more
This dBm to dBW converter helps engineers and students transform power levels from decibel-milliwatts (dBm) into decibel-watts (dBW), which is crucial for RF system calculations and power analysis. Conversion Formula for the converter dBW = dBm – 30 Understanding the Formula The formula is straightforward: subtract 30 from the dBm value to convert to dBW. … Read more
This Vrms to dBm converter helps engineers and hobbyists quickly transform RMS voltage values into dBm, a logarithmic unit commonly used in RF and audio systems to express power levels. Conversion Formula P(W) = Vrms² / R dBm = 10 × log10(P(W) × 1000) = 20 × log10(Vrms) + 30 − 10 × log10(R) Understanding … Read more
This converter is designed to transform voltage levels expressed in dBmV into power levels in dBm. It is particularly useful for RF engineers and technicians dealing with coaxial transmission lines where characteristic impedance (Zo) affects the conversion. Conversion Formula dBm = dBmV – 30 – 10 × log10(Zo) How the Formula Works The formula subtracts … Read more