This Pi Attenuator converter is designed for RF engineers and electronics enthusiasts to quickly calculate the resistor values needed for a Pi-type attenuator based on desired attenuation and system impedance. Conversion Formula R1 (shunt) = Z₀ × (K + 1) / (K – 1) R2 (series) = Z₀ × (K² – 1) / (2 × … Read more
This converter allows engineers and students to determine the physical dimensions of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna based on the resonant frequency, substrate height, and dielectric constant. It is useful for RF design and antenna prototyping. Uses of the Microstrip Patch Antenna converter 1. Quickly estimate patch width and length for a given substrate and … Read more
This converter allows engineers and students to transform Wye (Star) resistor networks into Delta configurations for circuit analysis and design. Usage of the Wye to Delta converter Use this tool when designing three-phase circuits, analyzing balanced load networks, or simplifying resistor networks for easier calculations. Conversion Formula Ra = R1 + R2 + (R1 × … Read more
This converter allows engineers and students to convert a three-phase delta network into an equivalent Wye (Star) network, making circuit analysis simpler and more practical for calculations. Conversion Formula R1 = (Rb × Rc) / (Ra + Rb + Rc) R2 = (Ra × Rc) / (Ra + Rb + Rc) R3 = (Ra × … Read more
This converter allows users to transform the linear Noise Factor (F) into the logarithmic Noise Figure (NF) in dB, which is widely used in RF system design to quantify noise performance. Conversion Formula for Noise Figure NF(dB) = 10 × log10(F) Understanding the Formula The Noise Factor (F) is a linear quantity representing how much … Read more
This converter is designed to transform a noise figure (NF) expressed in decibels into the corresponding noise factor (F), which is a linear representation of the same concept used in RF and communication system analysis. Conversion Formula F = 10^(NF / 10) Understanding the Formula The noise factor (F) represents the actual degradation of the … Read more
This VSWR to Return Loss converter provides a fast and reliable way to transform Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) measurements into return loss in decibels, a key parameter for evaluating transmission line performance. Conversion Formula Used in this converter Return Loss (dB) = -20 × log10((VSWR – 1) / (VSWR + 1)) How the Formula … Read more
This converter provides engineers and students with a fast way to calculate inductive reactance (XL) and admittance (BL) for a given frequency and inductance. It is useful in circuit analysis and RF design. Uses of the Inductive converter 1. Quickly determine XL for AC circuits. 2. Calculate BL for resonant and filter circuits. 3. Assist … Read more
This converter helps engineers and technicians quickly determine the frequency offset in parts per million (ppm) relative to a nominal oscillator or carrier frequency. It is essential in RF design and calibration to assess precision and stability. Conversion Formula ppm = (Δf / f₀) × 10⁶ Formula Explanation Δf is the frequency variation and f₀ … Read more
This converter provides a quick method to convert the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave into its corresponding frequency, essential for RF and communications applications. Practical Uses of the Wavelength to Frequency converter 1. Determine the operating frequency from an antenna’s physical length. 2. Useful for designing filters and resonators based on wavelength. 3. Converts optical … Read more