Electronics

Solar panels primarily rely on light, specifically sunlight, to generate electricity through a process known as the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic (PV) cells, which are the building blocks of solar panels, convert sunlight directly into electricity. When photons (light particles) from sunlight strike the semiconductor material within a PV cell, they transfer their energy to electrons … Read more

Circuit breaker panels, also known as breaker boxes or distribution boards, come in several types depending on their design and application. One common type is the main breaker panel, which serves as the primary distribution point for electricity entering a building from the utility supply. It typically includes a main circuit breaker that controls power … Read more

Fuses are designed to protect electrical circuits from overcurrent conditions that could lead to damage or fire hazards. When a fuse detects an overcurrent situation, it “blows,” meaning it intentionally melts or breaks its internal circuit to interrupt the flow of electricity. This action effectively disconnects the circuit and prevents further damage to the equipment … Read more

A main electrical breaker can keep tripping due to several potential reasons. One common cause is overloading of the electrical circuit. When the total electrical load on the circuit exceeds the breaker’s rated capacity, it trips as a protective measure to prevent overheating and potential fire hazards. Overloading can occur when too many appliances or … Read more

A diode offers zero resistance when it is in forward bias and conducting current. In this state, the diode behaves like a closed switch for current flow in the forward direction. When a diode is forward-biased, meaning the voltage across it allows current to flow easily from the anode (positive terminal) to the cathode (negative … Read more

A shaft encoder is a device used to convert the angular position or motion of a shaft into an electrical signal. It typically consists of a rotating disk (or other position-sensing element) and sensors that detect changes in position. The two main types of shaft encoders are incremental encoders and absolute encoders. Incremental encoders generate … Read more

A rotary potentiometer typically has three terminals. These terminals are usually labeled as the input terminal (often called the wiper or slider), and two output terminals (one at each end of the resistive track). The wiper moves along the resistive track when the shaft of the potentiometer is rotated, allowing the resistance between the wiper … Read more

Interfacing a proximity sensor to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) involves several steps to ensure proper communication and functionality within an industrial automation system. First, identify the type of proximity sensor being used, whether it’s an inductive, capacitive, or optical sensor, as each may have different wiring requirements. Typically, proximity sensors have three wires: one … Read more

Generators typically produce alternating current (AC) rather than direct current (DC) due to several practical advantages in power generation, transmission, and utilization. AC is preferred in generators because it allows for efficient voltage transformation using transformers, which is crucial for long-distance power transmission and distribution. AC voltage can be easily stepped up (increased) for transmission … Read more