Capacitors cannot store AC power in the same way they store DC power. Capacitors store energy in an electric field when a voltage is applied across their plates. For DC power, this results in a steady accumulation of charge. However, for AC power, the voltage constantly changes direction, causing the capacitor to charge and discharge … Read more
Capacitors, by their nature, do not increase the voltage level in a circuit. Instead, they store electrical energy in the form of an electric field between their plates. When a capacitor is connected to a voltage source, it charges up to the voltage of that source. For instance, if a 10V DC voltage is applied … Read more
A photodiode conducts in reverse bias because, under reverse bias, it is sensitive to light. When the photodiode is exposed to light, photons generate electron-hole pairs in the depletion region. These charge carriers are quickly swept across the junction by the electric field present in the reverse bias condition, resulting in a photocurrent that is … Read more
A capacitor is considered a passive device in electronics. Passive devices are those that do not require an external power source to function but rather respond to applied voltages or currents. In the case of a capacitor, it stores electrical energy in an electric field between its plates when a voltage is applied across it. … Read more
The primary difference among an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), a photoresistor, and a photodiode lies in their operating principles and response characteristics. An LDR or photoresistor changes its resistance based on the light intensity; higher light levels result in lower resistance. In contrast, a photodiode generates a photocurrent proportional to the light intensity when exposed … Read more
Transistors typically operate in two main states: cutoff and saturation. In cutoff, the transistor does not conduct current between its collector and emitter terminals, acting like an open switch. In saturation, the transistor conducts current fully between the collector and emitter terminals, behaving like a closed switch. These two states are crucial for digital and … Read more
A photodiode is reverse biased while an LED is forward biased due to their different functions and operating principles. A photodiode is designed to detect light, and reverse biasing it enhances its sensitivity. In reverse bias, the depletion region widens, allowing for efficient generation and separation of electron-hole pairs when light photons strike the photodiode. … Read more
The voltage across a capacitor cannot change instantaneously due to its inherent property of storing electrical charge. When a voltage is suddenly applied or changed across a capacitor, it cannot immediately adjust to the new voltage due to the time it takes for the capacitor to charge or discharge. This delay is characterized by the … Read more
Heaters are not just giant resistors but often incorporate resistive elements as part of their design. In many electric heaters, especially those used for space heating or water heating, heating elements are typically made from materials with high resistivity. These elements are designed to convert electrical energy into heat efficiently. While the heating element itself … Read more
Charging a capacitor is constrained by the maximum voltage rating of the capacitor itself. Capacitors have specific voltage ratings that indicate the maximum voltage they can safely withstand without risk of damage. Attempting to charge a capacitor beyond its rated voltage can lead to electrical breakdown, where the dielectric material inside the capacitor fails, potentially … Read more