An ideal current source is a theoretical component that maintains a constant current regardless of the voltage across it or the load connected to it. It provides an unchanging current output indefinitely. In contrast, a non-ideal current source may vary its output current with changes in voltage or load conditions, exhibiting some degree of dependency on external factors.
Ideal voltage sources deliver a constant voltage irrespective of the current drawn from them or the load connected. They provide a steady voltage output without any internal resistance or impedance. Non-ideal voltage sources, on the other hand, may exhibit variations in their output voltage due to internal resistance or changes in the current drawn by the load.
An ideal voltage or current source is a theoretical concept that represents an electrical component with perfect characteristics: zero internal impedance, perfect regulation, and ideal behavior under all conditions. Such sources are used in theoretical analysis and idealized circuit design to simplify calculations and predictions of circuit behavior.
The primary difference between a current source and a voltage source lies in their output characteristics. A current source supplies a constant current to a circuit, regardless of the voltage across it or the impedance of the load. In contrast, a voltage source maintains a fixed voltage output, supplying varying current depending on the load connected to it.
Ideal circuits are theoretical models that assume components exhibit perfect behavior without any losses, delays, or limitations. They simplify complex real-world systems for analysis and design purposes. Non-ideal circuits, however, acknowledge real-world imperfections such as component tolerances, parasitic elements, and environmental factors that affect performance and behavior. Understanding these differences helps engineers design circuits that operate reliably under real-world conditions while considering practical constraints and limitations.