Electric generators work by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy through the process of electromagnetic induction. This involves rotating a coil of wire within a magnetic field, which induces an electric current in the wire.
An electric generator produces electricity by rotating a conductor, such as a coil of wire, within a magnetic field. As the conductor moves through the magnetic field, it cuts across the magnetic lines of force, causing electrons to flow within the wire and generating an electric current.
The principle of working of an electric generator is based on Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction. This law states that a change in magnetic flux through a conductor induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the conductor. In a generator, mechanical energy is used to rotate the conductor within a magnetic field, inducing a flow of electric current.
An electric generator is run by a prime mover, which provides the mechanical energy needed for rotation. Prime movers can include steam turbines, gas turbines, internal combustion engines, wind turbines, or water turbines, depending on the energy source available.
An electric motor generator, also known as a motor-generator set, works by combining the functions of an electric motor and an electric generator. The motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, which then drives the generator to produce electrical energy. This setup can be used for purposes such as frequency conversion, providing backup power, or smoothing out power supply variations.