Relationship of Voltage, Current, and Resistance

Relationship of Voltage, Current, and Resistance All circuits are a combination of three electrical properties: voltage, current and Resistance. Voltage is defined as the force that causes free electrons to…

Effects of Current Flow

The current flow has four effects that are used in different ways: magnetism, heat, chemistry Action and physical shock. Magnetism When current flows in a conductor, it creates a magnetic…

How do photodiode arrays work?

Working of photodiode How does photodiode work : A photodiode array (PDA) is a linear range of discrete photodiodes on an integrated circuit (IC). For spectroscopy it is placed at…

How transistor can be used as a switch?

With a zero signal applied to the base of the transistor, it rotates “OFF” by acting as an open switch and zero collector current. The easiest way to change moderate…

How do NPN transistors work?

The standard bipolar or BJT transistor is presented in two basic forms. An NPN type (Negative-Positive-Negative) and a PNP type (Positive-Negative-Positive). The most commonly used transistor configuration is the NPN…

How does a photo diode work?

Let’s talk about Photodiode operation in circuits. The operating principle of a photodiode is when a large-energy photon strikes the diode, creating a pair of electrons. This mechanism is also…

How does an infrared detector work?

An infrared detector is a detector that reacts to infrared (IR) radiation. The two main types of detectors are thermal and photonic (photodetectors). The thermal effects of incident IR radiation…

How does IR sensors work?

An infrared sensor is an electronic tool that is used to detect certain environmental characteristics by emitting and / or detecting infrared radiation. Infrared sensors can also measure the heat…

How does a photodetector work?

A photodiode is a semiconductor device with a p-n junction and an intrinsic layer between layers p and n. It produces photocurrent in the generation of electron-hole pairs due to…